Economics

If you choose economics, you’ll learn the fundamental forces that shape our societies. Exploring scarcity, choice, and resource allocation, economics teaches you the tools to understand complex economic systems.

The subject has two main focuses:

microeconomics – looks at households, businesses, and industries
macroeconomics – looks at the economy as a whole

The study of economics opens many career paths, including roles in finance, consulting, government, and international organisations. You could end up at the forefront of economic policy, financial analysis, and strategic decision-making, contributing to economy growth on a global scale. It's important to be aware that studying economics is heavily reliant on quantitative maths skills, so this is an important aspect to prepare yourself for and highlight in your personal statement. An economics education paves the way for impactful careers, where you can be a part of shaping economic landscapes and addressing contemporary challenges.

The impact you could make

Contribute to the development and evaluation of public policies.
Drive business success by applying economic analysis to strategic decision-making.
Play a part in positive economic change on a global scale.

What you could study

Macroeconomics
Microeconomics
Probability and statistics
Mathematics for economists
Programming for economists
Econometrics

Study options

Options to study in this field include:

Chat to a current economics student

Chat to a current economics student using UniBuddy.

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Ask which modules they really enjoyed.
Find out how easy it was for them to make friends on their course.
Do they have any tips on your personal statement?
Did they do anything to prep for uni before they went?
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Emmanuela

Swansea University

Economics, MSc

Hiya!😊 I'm Ella, a Swansea Uni BSc. Economics Graduate🎓. I am returning for my postgrad degree in Economics once again😁. I love nature🏝, having fun, exploring random things that make me curious, mathematics and most importantly constructing architectural designs. My favourite motivational quote is "have the confidence to know your self worth and the strength to chase your dreams". I'll be glad to assist and answer any question to the best of my abilities. 🚀Cheers!

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Reza

City, University of London

Finance with Actuarial Science BSc (Hons)

I am a second-year student at City, University of London, currently pursuing a degree in Actuarial Science (I’m sure you haven’t heard much about this course!). My academic journey has been shaped by diverse experiences across different countries. Originally from Pakistan, I was raised in the UAE, where I developed a strong passion for both academics and sports. Representing the UAE at the U16 national level in cricket was a proud moment that taught me the values of teamwork, discipline, and perseverance. After completing my IGCSEs in the UAE, I moved to the UK at 17 to further my education. I completed a foundation course at Kaplan, which prepared me for the rigorous academic environment at university. My dedication paid off when I secured admission into City, where I’m now delving into the world of risk and probability through my studies in Actuarial Science. At City, I’m focused on excelling academically while also developing a well-rounded skill set for a successful career in actuarial science. My journey from Pakistan to the UAE and now to the UK has been one of growth, learning, and embracing new challenges, and I’m excited to see where it takes me next.

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Bryan

Northeastern University London

Economics BCs (Hons)

Hi my name is Bryan Kaplan, and I’m a third and final year student studying for a (Hons) BSc in Economics with Creative Writing at Northeastern University London. I moved abroad around four years ago and have a huge passion for creative writing. I’m currently a published author, and in the future I want to pursue a career in publishing and economic research pertaining to the link between creative arts and the economy. Feel free to reach out at any time!

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Hajar

City, University of London

Economics BSc (Hons)

Hi, I am Hajar. Currently, I am studying Economics at City and I am finding it very interesting! I was born and raised in London, so it is great to attend a university that isn't too far from home. I am a WP, Marketing and Brand ambassador which allows me to meet a lot of students from different backgrounds. I have joined the ISOC society last year, which allowed me to take part in the charity week, it was so rewarding to be able to take part in helping people. My course offers a sandwich year, I am currently in the process of finalising my placement for next year :)!!! I am always happy to help, feel free to ask away.

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Frederick

Durham University

BA Economics (L100)

Hey! I'm Fred. I'm a first year undergraduate studying Economics. I love music and anime!! I'm in the Durham University Finance Society and the Durham University Fencing Club. Feel free to come talk to me.

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Christine

Staffordshire University

Accounting and Finance

My future career plans are centered on building a strong foundation in accounting and finance, with a key goal of attaining the ACCA certification to enhance my expertise in global financial standards. As someone born and raised in the UAE with Filipino roots, I have had the privilege of a multicultural upbringing that has shaped my worldview. My positive experience as an international student further broadened my horizons, helping me develop adaptability and resilience—qualities that I will carry into my career. In addition to my professional ambitions, I also have a deep passion for baking, which allows me to blend creativity with precision, much like in finance.

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Yaprak

City, University of London

Economics BSc (Hons)

Hi, I’m Yaprak Nil! I’m currently a 2nd-year student studying Economics at City, University of London. Originally from Turkey, I lived there until I started university here in the UK. Moving to London was a big change, but it has been an exciting journey full of new experiences and opportunities! I’m passionate about finance and my goal is to work in the financial industry, with the dream of eventually owning my own company. City’s diverse community and strong focus on real-world skills have been helping me prepare for this future, and I’m excited to share my experiences with you. Outside of academics, I love cooking and experimenting with new recipes. I’m also an avid reader and enjoy exploring different genres. Whether it’s discussing career paths, student life in London, or just finding the best study spots on campus, I’m here to help! Feel free to ask me any questions about studying at City, University of London or anything else that’s on your mind!

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Andzhela

City, University of London

Economics BSc (Hons)

Hi, my name is Angela and I am currently studying Economics at City. I was born in Smolyan, Bulgaria, however, I moved to London when I was 13. Ever since, I have enjoyed living and studying here as I strongly believe that a bad day in London is still better than a good day anywhere else! As an Economics undergraduate, I hope to secure a career in the financial industry. So far, my experience at the university has been very satisfying. I was recently appointed to be one of City’s brand ambassadors, which allows me to do what I love i.e. to communicate with different people. Given my knowledge and the skills I have secured in the past, I will be looking forward to receiving your questions and helping out as much as I can, so feel free to ask.

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Daniel

University of Surrey

Accounting and Finance BSc (Hons)

Currently a BSc Accounting and Finance student undergoing an Industrial Placement year with BDO UK LLP. I studied A-level Mathematics, Further Mathematics and Chemistry. In the future, I hope to be on a graduate scheme working in Audit/Assurance or Advisory/Consulting for a public accounting firm. Please feel free to ask me anything (I aim to reply within 48 hours).

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Charles

Swansea University

Finance, BSc (Hons)

I am a first year student at Swansea University. I am studying Finance and I am currently seeking internships in the financial industry for my second year. In my spare time I like to compete nationally at Cross Country running. For example competing in BUCS and the Gwent league.

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Marko

University of Surrey

Accounting and Finance BSc (Hons)

Please feel free to reach out! I'm a final-year accounting and finance student here at Surrey, and my goal after graduating is to work towards becoming a chartered accountant.

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Vyom

Northeastern University London

Economics BCs (Hons)

Passionate first year undergraduate student pursuing BSc (Hons) in Economics. I have studied Business and Economics in my first year, I am also serving as President for the Lydian (Finance) Society at NU London.

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Aayan

City, University of London

Actuarial Science BSc (Hons)

I did my Foundation year from INTO City, University of London. Currently doing BSc Data Analytics and Actuarial Science. I plan to work in Data / AI Field, I have strong interest in Trading and Content Creation 😊.

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Mayokun Sarah

Bournemouth University

MSc International Finance and Economics

🎓 Accountant from Nigeria currently immersed in Bournemouth's Finance and Economics program Experienced student aid, thrilled about new experiences, showcasing adaptability and resilience. Eager to help as a Student Ambassador, bringing diverse background and strong interpersonal skills to foster a sense of community. 🌟🎓

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Varshitha

University of Surrey

Accounting and Finance BSc (Hons)

I am a business and economics foundation year student at the University of Surrey, studying towards an accounting and finance degree. I come from Reading and my hobbies are dance and swimming. I plan to work in a financial or management role in one of the Big 4 accounting firms.

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Ken

Leeds Trinity University

Accounting and Business BA (Hons) with Foundation Year

Hi im Ken, and I am currently a level 5 student at Leeds Trinity University going into my final year. My aims post graduate is to become a fully qualified accountant or go into the recruitment/marketing aspect of business.

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Tejas

Bournemouth University

BA (Hons) Business and Management (Economics)

Aim to run my own business and invest into many assets, stocks and shares. I aim to work a job within the Economics and Finance industry, using my income to start up my own businesses.

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Example module

"I particularly enjoyed microeconomics as it focused on economics at the consumer or individual level."

Second year economics and finance student, Swansea University

Example project

"An applied economics project last year that compared the impact of COVID-19 in Sweden versus New Zealand, which were totally opposite in their approach to the pandemic."

Second year economics student, University of Manchester

Subjects it's useful to have studied first

Some economics courses or apprenticeships will have requirements for previous qualifications in certain subjects. Entry requirements vary, so always check with the provider.

Business

Maths

Statistics

Hard skills you'll develop

Master statistical and mathematical techniques for analysing economic data
Financial analysis skills to evaluate the performance of businesses
Market research, including survey design, data collection, and analysis economic forecasting, including time series analysis and prediction methods

Soft skills you'll develop

Attention to detail, particularly in data analysis and research
Presentation skills to articulate economic findings and recommendations
Ethical reasoning skills
Problem-solving skills to address complex economic challenges

Careers: Where it can take you

Find out more about your career prospects from studying economics. The following information is based on a typical economics professional role.

Available jobs

67,169 vacancies in the past year

5.8% growth over next 8 years

Average salary

£43,077

Up to £76,842

Career options

Business management

Actuaries, economists, and statisticians

Management consultants and business analysts

Financial managers and directors

Purchasing managers and directors

Information and communication technology

IT business analysts, architects, and systems designers

IT project and programme managers

Government and research

National government administrative occupations

Local government administrative occupations

Business associate professionals

Data analysts

economics-subject-guide-1.jpg

What is a… strategic innovation consultant?

Strategic innovation consultants collaborate with organisations to identify opportunities for growth, assess market trends, and develop creative strategies to stay ahead in competitive industries. Their role involves analysing economic data to uncover insights, applying economic principles to forecast market changes, and proposing innovative solutions to enhance business performance. This exciting career is a great opportunity to blend economic analysis with strategic thinking to contribute to the evolution and success of businesses in an ever-changing landscape.

Find your ideal career

Take our careers quiz to find your ideal job matched to your personality type.

Getting in: Entry requirements

Find out more about what you'll need to study economics at university or as an apprenticeship.

Average requirements for undergraduate degrees

Entry requirements differ between university and course, but this should give you a guide to what is usually expected from economics applicants.

A levels

A*AA

Vocational

BTEC D*DD

Other Level 3/Level 6 qualifications (e.g. Pearson BTEC Level 3 National Extended Diploma or SQCF Level 6) may be accepted as an alternative

Scottish highers

AABBB

Business and administration apprenticeships

Check out our industry guide to help you decide if a business and administration apprenticeship might be the right choice for you.

Other subjects you may be interested in

Considering an apprenticeship?

Applying for an apprenticeship is just like applying for a normal job. Here’s what you need to know:

Deadline

Apprenticeships don't follow the same deadlines as applying to uni, the deadline is down to the employer.
Where to apply

You apply directly through the employer.
No limits

You're not restricted to one apprenticeship application; you can do as many as you like.
Apply to university and apprenticeships

There's nothing stopping you applying to university through UCAS, while also applying for apprenticeship vacancies.
Find out more

Read our guide to business and administration apprenticeships.

Apprenticeship vacancies

Check out live apprenticeship vacancies in business and administration.

Explore further

Go deeper into topics around economics with the following:

Economic Observatory

Follow all the conversations happening in the world of economics.
The Economist Podcasts

Listen to episodes around current affairs, business and finance, science and technology, and global issues.
Keep up-to-date with the latest news

Find all the latest news and research on the Royal Economics Society website.

Application advice

Whether it's personal statement tips or what to write in a cover letter for an apprenticeship application, our advice will help you get ahead in your economics journey.

Skills, experiences, and interests to mention

Be sure to highlight any instances where you applied analytical skills in your studies as this is an essential skill for economics.
Maths is also an important subject so mention your ability in successfully applying mathematical concepts.
How aware are you of current economic issues and trends? How do you make sure you’re informed about global economic events?

Do you have any experience of leadership? That could be leading study groups, organising events or maybe even joining societies or clubs related to economics.
What difference do you want to make in the world and how would studying economics help you achieve that goal?

Writing your personal statement

Read our advice and tips on everything you need to know about writing your personal statement.

What's on this page?

Study options

Chat to a current economics student

Chat to students powered by UCAS Media Service

Subjects it's useful to have studied first

Careers: Where it can take you

Career options

What is a… strategic innovation consultant?

Getting in: Entry requirements

Average requirements for undergraduate degrees

Other subjects you may be interested in

Considering an apprenticeship?

Deadline

Where to apply

No limits

Apply to university and apprenticeships

Find out more